In Shrock E, Fujimura E, Kula T, Timms RT, Lee IH, Leng Y, et al. Viral epitope profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals cross-reactivity and correlates of severity. Science. 2020 Nov 27;370(6520):eabd4250. doi: 10.1126/science.abd4250. Cross reactivity to other CoV and reactivation of CMV and/or HSV-1 seemed to place the host at higher risk of hospitalization consistent with the 'early response' hypothesis (early spike IgG causing ADE and progression due to cross-priming).
In a small trial where 20 individuals got the BCG vaccine and 20 got the placebo, who then received a trivalent influenza vaccine 14 days later, the antibody response to the 2009 A (H1N1) pandemic virus was higher and with a more rapid seroconversion in the those who got the BCG vaccine [Leentjens J et al, 2015]. This shows trained innate immunity can cross-prime adaptive immunity and is disconcerting as it could place elders at higher risk of death with SARS-CoV-2 infection due to ADE.
This is a great article, thank you for posting it!
In Shrock E, Fujimura E, Kula T, Timms RT, Lee IH, Leng Y, et al. Viral epitope profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals cross-reactivity and correlates of severity. Science. 2020 Nov 27;370(6520):eabd4250. doi: 10.1126/science.abd4250. Cross reactivity to other CoV and reactivation of CMV and/or HSV-1 seemed to place the host at higher risk of hospitalization consistent with the 'early response' hypothesis (early spike IgG causing ADE and progression due to cross-priming).
In a small trial where 20 individuals got the BCG vaccine and 20 got the placebo, who then received a trivalent influenza vaccine 14 days later, the antibody response to the 2009 A (H1N1) pandemic virus was higher and with a more rapid seroconversion in the those who got the BCG vaccine [Leentjens J et al, 2015]. This shows trained innate immunity can cross-prime adaptive immunity and is disconcerting as it could place elders at higher risk of death with SARS-CoV-2 infection due to ADE.
Thank You, Dr. Laderoute, for more excellent context in a complicated issue.